Aluminum is a metal without which it is difficult to imagine everyday life. Due to its versatility and variety of uses, it is the most widespread metal after iron. The versatility of aluminum is reflected in a unique combination of properties, the most important of which are lightness, strength, durability and corrosion resistance, along with good thermal and electrical conductivity. The most important ore of aluminum is bauxite, from which it is mainly obtained. Aluminum has no effect on human health, although an allergy can rarely occur.
Aluminum is a silvery-white metal, it is the third most abundant of all the elements that occur on the Earth's surface (7.28% of all elements). It was isolated and discovered in 1827 by Friedrich Weller. Pure, crystalline aluminum is brittle and brittle. Aluminum can be strengthened by adding appropriate alloying elements (Cu, Mg, Mn, Si, etc.) to improve its mechanical or chemical properties. Due to its properties, such as low density and high resistance to corrosion, alloys of aluminum with copper and molybdenum, called duralumin, have found many applications and are used for the production of a wide group of products - from cans to parts for spaceships.
Aluminum oxidizes slowly in the air. It is covered with a layer of oxide Al2O3 (aluminum oxide), which protects the metal below the surface from corrosion. We can protect and decorate aluminum in various ways. Painting, anodizing, brushing, etc. are a common finish. It is easily processed by hand and by machine, and with the appropriate equipment it can also be welded.
Why do we use aluminum?
- Light metal
- Corrosion resistant
- Good conductor of electricity
- It's not magnetic
- Good reflector of heat and light
- It's not flammable
- No sparks
- Good welding ability
- He's not poisoned
- Does not affect the smell and taste of food
- It is not brittle at low temperatures
- The possibility of shaping according to all known methods
- Pleasant aesthetic appearance
- Simple and cheap maintenance
- Durability
- Quick and easy assembly
- Wide range of products
- Wide field of application
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Name, symbol...................................Aluminium, Al, 13
Prevalence:...................7.28% of all elements
Position in the periodic table:.....III A group
Discovered:...................................1827. (Friedrich Weller)
Color:......................................silvery white
Atomic number:............................13
Density:...................................2700 kg/m3
Atomic mass:........................26,981 U
Atomic radius:...................125 pm
Crystal structure:...................surface centered
Melting point:.............933.47K / 660.32°C
Boiling temperature:.............2792K / 2519°C
Molar volume:...................10 x 10 - 3 m?/mol
Heat of vaporization:...................293.4 KJ/mol
Heat of fusion:...................10.79 KJ/mol
Speed of sound:............................5100 m/s (933K)
Electro negativity:...................1.61
Specific heat:...................900 J/kg K
Specific conductivity:............37.7 x 106 S/U
Thermal conductivity:..............237 W/mK
Oxidation number:...................+3
In air: it gets covered with Al2O3 oxide layer
In boiling water: converts to aluminum hydroxide
In strong bases: it dissolves easily
In sodium and dilute sulfuric acid: it dissolves and displaces hydrogen
In concentrated sulfuric acid: sulfur is released
In dilute nitric acid: ammonia is released
In concentrated nitric acid: it is passivated
Aluminum sheet has a variety of applications in many branches of industry, especially in metal processing, construction, auto industry, aero industry, packaging industry, shipbuilding and others. Aluminum sheets are used for making machine parts, covering roofs and making facades, bodies and parts for cars, wings and fuselages, production of beverage cans, etc. Due to its decorative appearance, light weight and durability, resistance to corrosion and weathering, aluminum sheet is the material of choice for designers, engineers and architects, and we can see it every day in our homes and public buildings. At sub-zero temperatures, aluminum sheet is stronger than at room temperature and retains its elasticity. Aluminum sheets are an excellent choice for covering buildings and covering the roof and represent the best ratio of weight - durability - price. METALIonline offers a large selection of aluminum sheet, aluminum plates, aluminum sheet in roll, trapezoidal sheet. See the complete selection of aluminum products on the page - Aluminum.
| UPOREDNI PREGLED OZNAKA LEGURA ALUMINIJUMA PO SVETSKIM STANDARDIMA | |||||||||
| Aluminijum i aluminijumske legure | |||||||||
| Internacionalni | Kanada | Francuska | Nemačka | Engleska | Italija | Japan | |||
| AA(USA) | ISO R209 | Alcan | NF A02-004 | DIN 1700 | DIN 17007 | BS, BS-L, DTD | UNI | JIS | |
| 1050A | Al99,5 | 1S | A-5 | Al99,5 | 3.0255 | 1B | P-AlP99,5 | . | |
| 1070A | Al99,7 | 99.70 | A-7 | Al99,7 | 3.0275 | . | P-AlP99,7 | . | |
| 1080A | Al99,8 | 99.80 | A-8 | Al99,8 | 2.0285 | 1A | P-Al99,8 | . | |
| (1199) | . | 99.99 | A-99 | Al99,98 R | 3.0385 | 1 | . | . | |
| 1200 | Al99 | 2S | A-4 | Al99 | 3.0205 | 1C | P-AlP99,0 | . | |
| 2007 | . | . | A-U4Pb | AlCuMgPb | 3.1645 | . | . | . | |
| 2011 | Al-Cu6BiPb | 28S | A-U5PbBi | AlCuBiPb | 3.1655 | FC1 | P-AlCu5,5PbBi | . | |
| 2014 | Al-Cu4SiMg | . | A-U4SG | AlCuSiMn | 3.1255 | H15 | P-AlCu4,4SiMnMg | . | |
| 2017A | Al-Cu4Mg | 17S | A-U4G | AlCuMg1 | 3.1325 | H14 | P-AlCu4MgMn | A2017 | |
| 2024 | Al-Cu4Mg1 | 24S | A-U4G1 | AlCuMg2 | 3.1355 | 2L97/98 | P-AlCu4,5MgMn | . | |
| 2117 | Al-Cu2Mg | 16S | A-U2G | AlCu2,5Mg0,5 | 3.1305 | 2L69 | P-AlCu2,5MgSi | . | |
| 3003 | Al-Mn1Cu | D3S | A-M1 | AlMnCu | 3.0517 | . | P-AlMn1,2Cu | . | |
| 3004 | . | 4S; D4S | A-M1G | AlMn1Mg1 | 3.0526 | . | P-AlMn1,2Mg | . | |
| 3005 | . | . | A-MG0,5 | AlMn1Mg0,5 | 3.0525 | . | . | . | |
| 3103 | Al-Mn1 | 3S | . | AlMn1 | 3.0515 | N3 | P-AlMn1,2 | . | |
| 3105 | . | 4S; D4S | . | AlMn0,5Mg0,5 | 3.0505 | N31 | . | . | |
| 5005A | Al-Mg1 | B57S | A-G0,6 | AlMg1 | 3.3315 | N41 | P-AlMg0,9 | . | |
| 5049 | . | B4S | A-G2,5MC | AlMg2Mn0,8 | 3.3527 | . | . | . | |
| 5050B | Al-Mg1,5 | A57S | A-G1,5 | AlMg1,5 | 3.3316 | . | P-AlMg1,5 | . | |
| 5052 | Al-Mg2,5 | 57S | (5052) | AlMg2,5 | 3.3523 | . | P-AlMg2,5 | A5052 | |
| 5056A | Al-Mg5 | 56S;A56S | . | AlMg5 | 3.3355 | N6 | P-AlMg5 | A5056 | |
| 5082 | Al-Mg4 | . | . | AlMg4,5 | 3.3345 | . | P-AlMg4,4 | . | |
| 5083 | Al-Mg4,5Mn | D54S | A-G4,5MC | AlMg4,5Mn | 3.3547 | N8 | P-AlMg4,5 | . | |
| 5086 | . | B54S | A-G4MC | AlMg4Mn | 3.3545 | (N5/6) | P-AlMg4,4 | . | |
| 5251 | Al-Mg2 | M57S | A-G2M | AlMg2Mn0,3 | 3.3525 | N4 | P-AlMg2Mn | . | |
| 5454 | Al-Mg3Mn | B53S | A-G3MC | AlMg2,7Mn | 3.3537 | N51 | P-AlMg2,7Mn | . | |
| 5754 | Al-Mg3 | 53S | A-G3M | AlMg3 | 3.3535 | . | (P-AlMg3,5) | . | |
| 6005A | (Al-SiMg) | (51S) | A-SG0,5 | AlMgSi0,7 | 3.3210 | (H10) | . | . | |
| 6012 | . | . | A-SGPb | AlMgSiPb | 3.0615 | . | P-AlSiMgMn | . | |
| 6060 | Al-MgSi | 50S | A-GS | AlMgSi0,5 | 3.3206 | H9 | P-AlMgSi | . | |
| 6061 | Al-Mg1SiCu | 65S;CS5S | (6061) | AlMg1SiCu | 3.3211 | H20 | P-AlMg1SiCu | . | |
| 6082 | Al-Si1Mg | B51S | A-SGM0,7 | AlMgSi1 | 3.2315 | H30 | P-AlMgSi | . | |
| 7020 | Al-Zn4,5Mg1 | D74S | A-Z5G | AlZn4,5Mg1 | 3.4335 | . | P-AlZn4,5Mg | . | |
| 7022 | . | 79S | A-Z4GU | AlZnMgCu0,5 | 3.4345 | . | . | . | |
| 7075 | Al-Zn6MgCu | 75S | A-Z5GU | AlZnMgCu1,5 | 3.4365 | 2L95/96 | P-AlZn5,8MgCu | A7075 | |
